Metal speciation studies in the aquifer sediments of Semria Ojhapatti,Bhojpur District,Bihar |
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Authors: | Alok Kumar A L Ramanathan Shashi Prabha Rajesh Kumar Ranjan Shyam Ranjan Gurmeet Singh |
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Institution: | (1) Biogeochemistry, Hydrogeochemistry and Glaciology Laboratory, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India;(2) School of Earth, Biological and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Bihar, Patna, 800014, India;(3) Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland;(4) Environmental Science Division, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, PUSA, New Delhi, 11001, India; |
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Abstract: | The pollution of aquifer sediments by heavy metals has assumed serious concern due to their toxicity and accumulative behavior.
Changes in environmental conditions can strongly influence the behavior of both essential and toxic elements by altering the
forms in which they occur and therefore quantification of the different forms of metal is more meaningful than total metal
concentrations. In this study, fractionation of metal ions in aquifer sediments of Semria Ojhapatti area, Bhojpur district,
Bihar has been studied to determine the ecotoxic potential of metal ions. The investigations suggest that iron, copper, and
arsenic have a tendency to remain associated in the following order residual > reducible > acid-soluble > oxidizable; manganese
and zinc have tendency to be associated as residual > acid-soluble > reducible > oxidizable. The risk assessment code reveals
that manganese and zinc occur in significant concentration in acid-soluble fraction and therefore comes under the high risk
category and can easily enter the food chain. Most of the iron, copper, and arsenic occur as immobile fraction (i.e. residual)
followed by its presence in reducible fraction and would pose threat to the water quality due to changing redox conditions.
The metal enrichment factor in the study area shows moderate to significant metal enrichment in the aquifer sediments which
may pose a real threat in near future. The geo-accumulation index of metals also shows that the metals lie in the range of
strongly contaminated (for iron at shallow depths) to moderately contaminated to uncontaminated values. |
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