重载列车运输安全问题分析

重载运输自问世以来,因其具有显著的经济效益而在世界许多国家得到重视并迅速发展,重载运输已被国际公认为铁路货运发展的方向。伴随着列车牵引重量的不断增加,列车开行方式也随之变化,由最初的5 0 0 0吨级提高到1万吨、2万吨级列车。由于列车编组增加,轴重和牵引重量提高,重载列车运输安全问题也逐渐突显出来,车辆断钩、制动失灵、线路桥梁轨道结构破坏失效等问题不断发生,成为制约重载列车运输发展的关键。笔者认为,解决重载运输中存在的安全问题,要重点做到以下几点:解决多台联挂机车同步制动操纵问题,避免发生断钩和列车放;加强轨道结构养护维修,提高轨道框架强度和刚度;加强安全检测监控体系建设,保证列车运行的安全性和可靠性

Safety Analysis on Heavy-loaded Train Transportation

The heavy loaded freight transportation since its generation has been developed so rapidly that more attention has been paid by many countries because of its remarkable economic benefit. It has already been recognized world widely as the direction of railway freight development. As the hauling load increases, the running way of the train also varies. The loadage from 5?000 tons primarily rises to 10?000 tons , even to 20?000 tons/train, which greatly increases the hauling capacity of the axle load. The problem of safety becomes prominent, such as broken hook, braking failure, structure of bridge track deteriorated, which becomes the bottleneck of heavy loaded freight transportation development. In order to solve these problems, following points must be emphasized, i.e. synchronic braking mechanism of multi locomotive hauling, measures to prevent hook broken and train departing, reinforce the maintenance of the track structure, improve the intensity and rigidity of track frame, enhance the monitoring system, and guarantee the safety and reliability of train running.