Agriculture and stream water quality: A biological evaluation of erosion control practices |
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Authors: | David R Lenat |
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Institution: | (1) North Carolina Department of Natural Resources and Community Development, Water Quality Section, Archdale Building, PO Box 27687, 27611 Raleigh, North Carolina, USA |
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Abstract: | Agricultural runoff affects many streams in North Carolina. However, there is is little information about either its effect on stream biota or any potential mitigation by erosion control practices. In this study, benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled in three different geographic areas of North Carolina, comparing control watersheds with well-managed and poorly managed watersheds. Agricultural streams were characterized by lower taxa richness (especially for intolerant groups) and low stability. These effects were most evident at the poorly managed sites. Sedimentation was the apparent major problem, but some changes at agricultural sites implied water quality problems. The groups most intolerant of agricultural runoff were Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera. Tolerant species were usually filter-feeders or algal grazers, suggesting a modification of the food web by addition of particulate organic matter and nutrients. This study clearly indicates that agricultural runoff can severely impact stream biota. However, this impact can be greatly mitigated by currently recommended erosion control practices. |
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Keywords: | Agriculture Benthic macroinvertebrates Erosion control Sediment Water quality |
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