风险地图—环境风险管理的有效新工具

中国不断发生的重大环境突发事故使得环境风险管理提上了政府的议事日程,建立有效和实用的环境风险管理体系势在必行。近年来,风险地图已成为环境风险管理中迅速崛起的新领域。风险地图不但可以探讨污染物效应的空间特征,而且可作为风险可视化的重要工具。通过调研和分析大量文献,在描述了环境风险地图的功能、重要的风险地图类型基础上,以一个城市为例展示了风险图制作流程,最后,对环境风险地图在中国的应用和发展提出了建议。

Environmental Risk Mapping: A New Effective Instrument for Environmental Risk Management

The increasing occurrence of major environmental accidents has quickly put environmental risk management onto the top of governmental agendas, and has called for the effective instrument for environmental risk management. With the development of geographic information systems (GIS) over the past few decades, environmental risk mapping has become an emerging field. Risk maps have helped risk analysts and scientists to explore the spatial features of environmental incidents, and have become a powerful tool for visualization and communication of environmental risk management among the stakeholders. The function and classification of environmental risk map were presented through in-depth review, with a specific city as a case for describing the operational framework of environmental risk mapping. Suggestions were also given for developing environmental risk maps in China.