庐山世界地质公园及其周边地区的主要地质景观

庐山是一座科学名山。以其地学文化价值的世界性意义，于2004年2月为联合国教科文组织批准为首批世界地质公园之一。庐山经历了约20亿年来的沧海桑田之巨变的地质演化历史，漫长而复杂的历史地质作用，不仅造就了绮丽的山江湖景观，也遗存有十分丰富、保存完整、出露良好的地质遗迹景观。在以庐山为中心、40km为半径的大科学园内，出露有八大独特、典型和富有科学价值的地质景观：一是保存完好的第四纪冰川遗迹；二是出露了比较齐全的元古宙地质断面，是研究扬子板块东部元古宙地质的”窗口”；三是位处李四光厘定的淮阳山字型构造的弧顶地段，淮阳弧顶与联合旋卷构造形迹发育良好；四是庐山山体是一个典型而富有特色的变质核杂岩构造；五是保存有地垒式块断山构造的典型形迹；六是断块、冰川、流水复合地貌景观奇特；七是发育有中国第一大淡水湖一鄱阳湖和亚洲最大淡水湖泊湿地；八是发现了商代采铜遗迹与城门山、彭山典型多金属矿田等地质遗产。

Geological landscapes in world geopark of Lushan mountain

Lushan Mountain is famous for world, and was appraised by the UNESCO as one of its worldwide significance of geological culture and value Geoparks in Feb. 2004. Lushan Mountain has undergone a history of geological evolution of about 2 billion years with tremendous changes. The long and complicated geological actions in history have not only made the gorgeous views of mountains, rivers and lakes, but also remained rich traces of geological landscapes. In the large scientific park with Lushan Mountain as the center and a radius of 40km, there are many geological landscapes with rich value of scientific study: (1) the well preserved lemnants of glaciation of the Quaternary period; (2) appearing quite complete Proterozoic geological sections; (3) well developed epsilon structure at Huaiyang and joint vortex structures; (4) metamorphic core complex structure with rich characteristics; (5) horst type fault block mountain structure; (6) Lushan Mountain with remained composite morphologic landscape of fault blocks, glaciers and flowing water; (7) the largest fresh water lake of China - Boyang Lake and the largest fresh water lake wet land in Asia; and (8) discovering the Shang Dynasty mining copper ruins and typical multi-metal mines at Chengmen Hill and Pengshan Hill.