福州主城区绿色空间不同演化模式对地表温度扰动的影响

为系统总结并量化城市绿色空间的演化模式及其与地表温度扰动的关系，以福州主城区为研究对象，基于Landsat系列遥感数据影像，综合运用遥感反演、空间分析、地统计学分析等方法，研究福州主城区绿色空间演化对地表温度扰动的影响.结果表明:①1993-2013年，福州主城区建设用地显著增加，绿色空间总面积减少了37.60 km2；绿色空间演化由慢转快，而后保持相对平稳.②大面积连片的绿色空间对周边环境具有显著的降温作用.不同类型绿色空间的单位面积变化对其内部地表温度扰动的影响不尽相同，变化幅度为湿地（-1.97℃/km2）>水体（-0.72℃/km2）>林/草地（-0.42℃/km2）.③不同绿色空间演化模式对地表温度扰动的影响大小表现为填充式>边缘式>飞地式.④绿色空间分布随着高程与坡度的变化而有所不同，导致地表温度也呈显著差异.高程为0~30 m和坡度为0~5°区域受人类活动干扰显著，绿色空间分布较少，平均地表温度相对较高.研究显示，城市绿色空间演化的不同模式对地表温度的扰动影响不尽相同，科学梳理城市绿色空间演化规律，合理规划其空间布局，有利于缓解城市热岛效应，使城市向健康、可持续方向发展. 

Effects of Different Urban Green Space Development on Surface Temperature in Fuzhou City

In order to summarize and quantify the development of urban green space (UGS) and its relationship with surface temperature (LST), Fuzhou City was selected to investigate the influence based on the Landsat series of images combined with the integrated methods of spatial analysis, statistical analysis and remote sensing inversion. The results showed that:(1) From 1993 to 2013, the building are increased significantly while the UGS development experienced from a slow turning quickly and kept stable process with a total area reduction of 37.60 km2. (2) Large area of UGS has a strong cooling effect on the surrounding environment. Due to the increasing per unit area, the disturbance influence of different types of UGS on the internal LST was not the same, characterized by:wetland (-1.97℃/km2) > water (-0.72℃/km2) > forest/grass (-0.42℃/km2). (3) The influence of different UGS evolution pattern on the LST disturbance was also different:filling type > edge type > enclave type. (4) The UGS distribution not only changed with the variation of elevation and slope, and also led to significant differences in LST performance. Due to the interference of human activities, the region in the elevation of 0 to 30 m and the slope of 0 to 5° distributed less UGS and higher average LST relatively. The research shows that the disturbing influence of different patterns of UGS evolution to LST is also different. Reasonable space planning, which makes the city healthy and sustainable, is beneficial to alleviate urban heat island (UHI) effect based on the characteristics of UGS evolution.