三氯生在水生生态系统中的污染现状及其生物毒性效应

三氯生(triclosan, TCS)是一种合成型广谱类抗菌剂,广泛应用于人类的生产生活,使用中伴随生活污水进入环境并已广泛分布,其中水生生态系统是TCS的主要污染区域之一。通过汇总分析国内外不同类型水生生态系统中TCS的调查研究结果,发现TCS已经普遍存在于淡水和近海水生生态系统中,生活污染处理厂出水是河流中TCS的主要污染源,区域污染水平与人口密度和工业发展程度密切相关;水体中的浓度受降雨、河口区潮汐作用以及季节影响; TCS对水生生物存在显著毒性效应,其效应浓度因物种而异,与生物的发育阶段也有关系。

Pollution Status and Toxic Effect of Triclosan in Aquatic Ecosystem

As a kind of broad-spectrum synthetic antimicrobial agent, triclosan (TCS) was widely used in human activity. TCS could enter into environment through domestic sewage, and aquatic ecosystems was considered as the major contaminated area of TCS. The TCS investigation researches in diverse aquatic ecosystems globally were summarized. It is found that TCS has been ubiquitous in freshwater and coastal aquatic ecosystems and wastewater treatment plants were primary source of TCS pollution. The TCS pollution level was strongly related to population density and industrial development level. The concentration of TCS in water was influenced by rainfall, tide and season. Moreover, TCS was strongly toxic to aquatic organism while toxicity effect concentrations varied between different species and different development stages.