氧化石墨烯遗传毒性的实验研究

研究氧化石墨烯(GO)的遗传毒性,考察其致突变作用,为GO在生物领域的安全应用提供依据。采用Ames试验、体外CHL细胞染色体畸变试验和小鼠体内染色体畸变试验,分别在细菌水平、细胞水平及整体动物水平研究GO的遗传毒性。GO各剂量组的Ames试验结果为阴性。CHL试验中,CHL细胞染色体畸变率随GO浓度的增加而升高,其中1.000 mg·mL~(-1)剂量组(+S_9)和0.500 mg·mL~(-1)剂量组(-S_9)畸变率显著升高(P 0.05)。小鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变试验中,骨髓细胞染色体畸变率同样随GO浓度的增加而升高,1.000和0.500 mg·kg~(-1)剂量组的畸变率显著提高(P 0.05)。虽然Ames试验结果没有反映出GO的遗传毒性,但在体外及体内染色体畸变试验中,GO均表现出对哺乳动物细胞染色体有潜在的遗传毒性。

Studies on the Genotoxicity of Graphene Oxide

The genotoxicity and mutagenicity of graphene oxide (GO) were explored to provide the evidence for safe application of GO in the biological field. The genotoxicity of GO on the level of bacteria, cell and animal was determined via Ames test, chromosome aberration assay in vitro (CHL cell) and chromosome aberration assay in vivo (mouse bone marrow cells) respectively. The result of Ames test in each dosage group of GO was negative. For in vitro test, the chromosome aberration rate of CHL cells increased along with the enhancement of GO concentration, of which the aberration rate of both 1.000 mg mL^-1 dosage group (+S9) and 0.500 mg mL^-1 dosage group (?S9) increased significantly (P<0.05). For in vivo test, the chromosome aberration rate of bone marrow cells increased along with the increase of GO concentration, of which the aberration rate of both 1.000 mg mL^-1 dosage group and 0.500 mg mL^-1 dosage group increased markedly (P<0.05). There was no genotoxicity of GO shown in the Ames test. However, GO had a potential genotoxicity to mammalian cell chromosomes during the chromosome aberration assay in vitro and in vivo respectively.