洪湖水环境现状及主导因子分析

利用2003年夏季在洪湖采集的20个水体样本的测定结果分析了洪湖目前的水体化学性质。根据分析洪湖夏季为Ⅲ类水，则其他季节的水质等级很有可能在Ⅲ类以下。洪湖水体的理化性质各方面状况有利于水生生物的生长和繁殖。运用模糊数学方法得到的结果表明2003年水质状况以Ⅲ类水为主，表明洪湖近年来的水质呈现下降的趋势，这与人类对洪湖水生资源的过度开发有直接的联系；通过主成分分析方法，得到了目前洪湖水质的三个主要控制因素。洪湖水质主要受到氮盐营养元素和生物活动的控制，其次是悬浮物和水体的离子属性，第三是水体的磷化合物。尽管磷是大多数湖泊水体富营养化的关键物质，但它对洪湖湖水而言，并不是最重要的控制因素，所以洪湖富营养化不是水质变化的主要原因。

CURRENT WATER ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS AND DOMINANT FACTOR ANALYSIS IN HONGHU LAKE

This paper analyzed water body' s chemical property of Honghu Lake on the basis of 20 water samples collected in summer, 2003. In terms of water classification, the water was third in summer, but the water status was worse in other seasons. Physically and chemically, the water body was favourable for the growth and reproduction of aquatic lives. According to the results by fuzzy mathematics, it is demon- strated that water status in Honghu Lake is ranked to the third classification, which suggests that there is a decreasing trend of water quality due to excessive exploration to aquicolous resources. In application of principal components analysis, we acquired three leading control elements. The water quality is mainly un- der the control of nitride and biological activity, then, suspender, ionic attribute, and the last factor is phosphide. Although total phospher is a key eutrophication factor of the majority of lakes, it is not the dominating control factor for Honghu Lake.