Assessing the health risk of heavy metals in vegetables to the generalpopulation in Beijing, China |
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Authors: | SONG Bo LEI Mei CHEN Tongbin ZHENG Yuanming XIE Yunfeng LI Xiaoyan GAO Ding |
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Affiliation: | 1. Center for Environmental Remediation,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 2. Center for Environmental Remediation,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China |
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Abstract: | A systematic survey of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations in vegetables from 416 samples (involving 100 varieties) inBeijing was carried out for assessing the potential health risk to local inhabitants. The results indicated that the metal concentrationsin vegetables ranged from < 0.001 to 0.479 g/g fresh weight (fw) (As), < 0.001 to 0.101 g/g fw (Cd), < 0.001 to 1.04 g/g fw (Cr),0.024 to 8.25 g/g fw (Cu), 0.001 to 1.689 g/g fw (Ni), < 0.001 to 0.655 g/g fw (Pb) and 0.01 to 25.6 g/g fw (Zn), with averageconcentrations of 0.013, 0.010, 0.023, 0.51, 0.053, 0.046 and 2.55 g/g fw, respectively. The results showed that the concentrations ofAs, Cr, Cu, Cd, Pb and Ni in vegetables from open-fields were all significantly higher than those grown in greenhouses. In addition, inlocal-produced vegetables, all HMs except Zn were significantly higher than those in provincial vegetables. The estimated daily intake(EDI) of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn from vegetables was 0.080, 0.062, 0.142, 3.14, 0.327, 0.283 and 15.7 g/(kg body weight(bw) d) for adults, respectively. Arsenic was the major risk contributor for inhabitants since the target hazard quotient based on theweighted average concentration (THQw) of arsenic amounted to 44.3% of the total THQ (TTHQ) value according to average vegetableconsumption. The TTHQ was lower than 1 for all age groups, indicating that it was still safe for the general population of Beijing toconsume vegetables. |
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Keywords: | heavy metals health risk estimated daily intake Beijing vegetable |
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