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2015~2018年中国代表性城市PM2.5浓度的城乡差异
引用本文:姜蕴聪,杨元建,王泓,李煜斌,高志球,赵纯. 2015~2018年中国代表性城市PM2.5浓度的城乡差异[J]. 中国环境科学, 2019, 39(11): 4552-4560
作者姓名:姜蕴聪  杨元建  王泓  李煜斌  高志球  赵纯
作者单位:1. 南京信息工程大学地理科学学院, 江苏 南京 210044;2. 南京信息工程大学大气物理学院, 江苏 南京 210044;3. 中国科学技术大学地球与空间科学学院, 安徽 合肥 230022
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0203300);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41601550)
摘    要:选取中国6大城市群中的11座代表性城市为研究区域,将监测站点划分为城区、郊区和乡村站,进而分析各城市间PM2.5浓度的城乡差异规律.结果表明,同一城市群各城市之间,或同一城市的城区、郊区、乡村站间PM2.5日变化皆较为相似.京津冀和长三角地区的城市城区PM2.5浓度最高,高于郊区7.8%~9.7%,高于乡村11.3%~16.9%,而粤港澳大湾区和内陆城市群(成渝、长江中游、关中平原城市群)的城市郊区PM2.5浓度最高,高于城区2.6%~11.2%,高于乡村16.7%~26.5%.各城市间城乡PM2.5浓度差值的日变化规律不尽相同,可呈单峰(如上海)或双峰(如杭州)变化,极值可出现在白天(如广州),亦可在夜间(如深圳).PM2.5的排放与传输扩散共同对11城市城乡PM2.5浓度分布产生影响.

关 键 词:PM2.5  城市群  城乡PM2.5浓度差值  排放  传输扩散  
收稿时间:2019-04-29

Urban-rural differences in PM2.5 concentrations in the representative cities of China during 2015~2018
JIANG Yun-cong,YANG Yuan-jian,WANG Hong,LI Yu-bin,GAO Zhi-qiu,ZHAO Chun. Urban-rural differences in PM2.5 concentrations in the representative cities of China during 2015~2018[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019, 39(11): 4552-4560
Authors:JIANG Yun-cong  YANG Yuan-jian  WANG Hong  LI Yu-bin  GAO Zhi-qiu  ZHAO Chun
Affiliation:1. School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;2. School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;3. School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, China
Abstract:Observation sites in the 11 representative cities from 6 main city clusters in China were selected in this study. These observation sites were categorized into urban, suburban and rural to investigate urban-rural differences in PM2.5 concentrations. Results showed that the diurnal variation patterns of PM2.5 were relatively similar in the cities from the same city cluster, and they were also similar among the urban, suburban and rural areas in a specific city. In Jingjinji Megalopolis and Yangtze River Delta Megalopolis, the PM2.5 concentrations from the urban sites were the highest, 7.8%~9.7% higher than those from the suburban sites and 11.3%~16.9% higher than those from the rural sites. However, in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the inland city clusters (i.e., Chengyu Megalopolis, Middle Yangtze River Valley Megalopolis and Guanzhong Plain Megalopolis), the PM2.5 concentrations from the suburban sites were the highest, 2.6%~11.2% higher than those from the urban sites and 16.7%~26.5% higher than those from the rural sites. Moreover, different diurnal variation patterns of urban-rural PM2.5 concentration differences were observed in different cities. For example, the diurnal variation of urban-rural PM2.5 concentration difference was unimodal in Shanghai but bimodal in Hangzhou. The maximum of urban-rural PM2.5 concentration difference occurred during the daytime in Guangzhou but during the nighttime in Shenzhen. Further, the PM2.5 concentration distribution in the urban, suburban and rural areas of the 11representative cities were under the combined effects of PM2.5 emission, transportation and diffusion.
Keywords:PM2.5  city clusters  urban-rural PM2.5 concentration difference  emission  transport and diffusion  
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