环境持久性自由基及其介导的生物学损伤

近年来，新型环境风险物质环境持久性自由基（EPFRs）被发现广泛分布于不同来源的环境介质中，如燃烧颗粒物、土壤/沉积物、天然有机质等.因其稳定性、持久性，且可以随着环境介质迁移和转化，EPFRs的生态环境风险可能被忽视.基于此，本文系统总结了存在于环境介质中的EPFRs，并归纳其分布特征；阐述了其介导的组织损伤，包括肺损伤、心血管损伤、神经毒性损伤、DNA以及细胞色素等生物大分子损伤；详述了主要由氧化应激、炎症、免疫反应以及代谢异常引起的损伤机理；最后，总结并展望了有关研究所存在的问题和未来研究方向，以期为EPFRs的生态健康风险评价和政策标准制定提供参考.

Overlooked risks and influences of environmentally persistent free radicals in the ambient media

Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are a class of pollutants with emerging concern. They are detected in various environmental media, such as combustion products, soil/sediment, and natural organic matter, and have been attracted a great deal of research interest because of their potential toxic impacts to organisms. In this paper, the detection of EPFRs in ambient media was firstly been summarized. The negative effect or toxicity mediated of EPFRs was been described, including pulmonary injuries, cardiovascular disorders, neurotoxicities and biomacromolecule damages (such as protein, enzyme, and DNA). The mechanisms of these adverse effects (inducing oxidative stress, inflammatory and immune response and metabolic disorder) of EPFRs were discussed. We also discussed the urgently needed future research direction on EPFRs. This paper aims to provide reference for the potential risk assessment, health assessment and policy formulation of EPFRs in the environment.