双酚A对稻田土壤细菌群落特征及土壤酶活的影响

采用FQ-PCR(实时荧光定量PCR)、PCR-DGGE(PCR扩增和变性梯度凝胶电泳)技术和土壤酶学研究法对不同浓度双酚A污染的稻田土壤细菌群落特征及土壤酶活性进行了研究.结果表明:经双酚A高浓度处理〔即w(双酚A)分别为200和1 000 mg/kg〕的稻田土壤细菌数量显著低于未受污染的对照(CK)和低浓度处理〔w(双酚A)为50 mg/kg〕,并且高浓度处理分别较CK处理(3.64×109 g-1)下降90.44%和99.83%.细菌16S rDNA V3可变区DGGE图谱表明,受双酚A污染的土壤明显产生了数条特征性条带.UPGMA(非加权组平均法)聚类分析进一步表明,双酚A污染明显改变了稻田土壤的细菌群落组成.2次采样土壤总体酶活性参数均为CK>w(双酚A)为50 mg/kg处理>w(双酚A)为200 mg/kg处理>w(双酚A)为1 000 mg/kg处理.可见,高浓度的双酚A污染明显影响稻田土壤细菌数量以及细菌优势菌群,使农田土壤细菌群落多样性发生变化. 

Effects of Bisphenol A on Bacterial Community and Enzyme Activities of Soil in Rice Fields

The effects of Bisphenol A(BPA) on soil bacterial community and enzyme activitieswere studied by FQ-PCR,PCR-DGGE and soil enzymatic methods.The results showed that the relative number of bacteria in soil treated by high concentrations of BPA(w(BPA)=200 or 1000 mg/kg)was significantly lower than either that in the unpolluted control(CK group) or that in the soil treated by low concentrations of BPA(w(BPA)=50 mg/kg).Compared to the CK group(3.64×109 g-1),the number of bacteria in the soil treated by BPA200 and BPA1000 was lower by 90.44% and 99.83%,respectively.The DGGE profiles of the 16S rDNA V3 variable region showed that several characteristic bands appeared in the BPA treated soil.Furthermore,UPGMC cluster analysis indicated that the composition of the soil bacteria community was changed significantly by BPA contamination.The total enzyme activities of the soil from the two sampling times were decreased in the order of CK treatment>BPA50 treatment>BPA200 treatment>BPA1000 treatment.In conclusion,high concentrations of BPA pollution significantly affected the soil bacteria number and the dominant bacteria community of the soil,which changed the diversity of the soil microbial community in farmlands.