Acute toxicity of aromatic and non-aromatic fractions of naphthenic acids extracted from oil sands process-affected water to larval zebrafish |
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| Authors: | A.G. Scarlett H.C. Reinardy T.B. Henry C.E. West R.A. Frank L.M. Hewitt S.J. Rowland |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Biogeochemistry Research Centre, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK;2. School of Biomedical and Biological Sciences, Plymouth University, UK;3. Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;4. Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA;5. Aquatic Contaminants Research Division/Water Science & Technology Directorate, Environment Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, ON, Canada L7R 4A6 |
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| Abstract: | The toxicity of oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) has regularly been attributed to naphthenic acids, which exist in complex mixtures. If on remediation treatment (e.g., ozonation) or on entering the environment, the mixtures of these acids all behave in the same way, then they can be studied as a whole. If, however, some acids are resistant to change, whilst others are not, or are less resistant, it is important to establish which sub-classes of acids are the most toxic. |
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| Keywords: | Zebrafish Danio rerio Acute toxicity Oil sand Naphthenic acid Surfactant |
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