我国大气质量标准分级原则

本文简述了运用生态学规律作为我国大气质量标准分级的原则,将标准分为三级:第一级标准保护自然生态不发生任何不良影响;第二级标准保护人群健康和城乡动、植物不发生伤害;第三级标准保护人群不发生急、慢性中毒和一般动、植物正常生长.并从大气污染物的剂量与反应的相关关系中,研究大气质量基准.确定各污染物的阈限值.

ON THE PRINCIPLE OF STANDARDS GRADING OF ATMOSPHERIC QUALITY IN CHINA

This paper gives a brief discussion on ecological considerations of the ecosystem which can be used in the standards grading of atmospheric quality in this country. According to different objects and levels to be protected, quality standard may be divided into three grades: the first grade protects natural ecological system from any harmful effects; the second grade protects health of human (beings), animals and plants, in the city and rural areas, from causing harm; the third grade protects population from acute and chronic poisoning, and ensures general animals or plants to grow normally. Therefore, threshold limit values of quality standards have to be determined simultaneously by studying criteria of atmospheric quality and by logical deduction and judgement from a series of dose-response relationship of air pollutants. The threshold limit of the first grade is within physiological regulation range; that of the second grade is within physiological loading scope; and that of third grade is within function compensation capability. The third one is thus an interim management standard.