锆改性高岭土覆盖对底泥与上覆水之间磷迁移转化的影响

以无覆盖和高岭土覆盖作为对照,通过底泥磷释放控制模拟实验考察了厌氧条件下锆改性高岭土覆盖对重污染河道底泥与上覆水之间磷迁移转化的影响.结果表明,厌氧条件下,重污染河道底泥会释放出大量的磷进入上覆水中,且所释放出来的磷主要以溶解性磷酸盐为主.高岭土覆盖可以略微降低底泥磷向上覆水迁移的通量,而锆改性高岭土覆盖则可以极大降低底泥磷向上覆水迁移的通量.被高岭土覆盖层所吸附的磷中29%以氧化还原敏感态磷(BD-P)形式存在和63%以残渣态磷(Res-P)形式存在.被锆改性高岭土覆盖层所吸附的磷中绝大部分(90%)以金属氧化物结合态磷(NaOH-P)和Res-P形式存在,厌氧状态下很难被重新释放出来进入上覆水体.与无覆盖相比,厌氧条件下锆改性高岭土覆盖不仅不会促进底泥BD-P的释放,而且还会促进底泥NaOH-P的形成.X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和固相31P核磁共振(NMR)技术分析证实了锆改性高岭土覆盖层吸附水中磷酸盐的主要机制为配位体交换和形成内配合物.上述结果说明锆改性高岭土适合作为一种活性覆盖材料控制重污染河道底泥磷的释放.

Effect of Zirconium Modified Kaolin-Based Cap on Migration and Transformation of Phosphorus Between Sediment and Overlying Water

In this study, microcosm incubation experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of zirconium modified kaolin (ZrMK)-based cap on the migration and transformation of phosphorus (P) between sediments collected from a heavily polluted river and overlying waters under anaerobic conditions. The results showed that a large amount of P was released from the sediments into the overlying water column under anaerobic conditions, and the overwhelming majority of P in the overlying water existed in the form of phosphate. The flux of P from the anaerobic sediments was slightly reduced by the kaolin-based cap, while significantly reduced by the ZrMK-based cap. Sequential extraction of P from the kaolin-based cap at the end of incubation experiments suggested that 29% of P adsorbed by kaolin existed as the bicarbonate-dithionite extracted P (BD-P), and 63% of adsorbed P existed as the residual P (Res-P). Sequential extraction of P from the ZrMK-based cap at the end of incubation experiments suggested that 90% of P adsorbed by ZrMK existed as the NaOH extractable P (NaOH-P) and Res-P, which were unlikely to be released under anaerobic conditions. Compared with no capping, sediments capping with ZrMK did not promote BD-P release from the sediments under anaerobic conditions, but promoted the formation of NaOH-P in the sediments. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and solid state ³¹ P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses of ZrMK-based caps before and after sediment incubation experiments indicated that the adsorption of P by the ZrMK-based caps followed the ligand exchange and inner-sphere complexing mechanism. Results of this work indicate that ZrMK is a promising active capping material for controlling P release from sediments in heavily polluted rivers.