河流生态系统管理研究——以香溪河为例

香溪河是三峡水库湖北库区最大的支流，其健康与否对三峡水库水质有直接影响，因此开展香溪河生态系统管理研究具有重要意义。然而，由于河流生态系统管理是一个新兴的研究领域，如何开展相关研究值得探讨。简要介绍了该领域的研究现状，并重点结合香溪河主要受水电站建设、流域土地不合理开发、工业污染等因素影响的事实，认为应该以保证水量、水质作为河流生态系统管理研究和各种管理措施的出发点，并以维持健康的水生态系统，保证河流各项服务功能的正常发挥为最终管理目标。以该思路为基础，就香溪河而言，可以着重从流域土地利用的生态学规划、香溪河水电站的生态学管理、香溪河流域水质污染源控制、香溪河生态系统健康和服务功能的监测及评价等四方面开展该河流的生态系统管理研究。

RIVER ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT--A CASE STUDY OF XIANGXI RIVER

Xiangxi River is the longest tributary in Hubei region of the Three Gorges Reservoir. The health condition of the river may influence water quality of the reservoir. So, it is meaningful to study how to manage the Xiangxi River ecosystem. While, being a new field in river ecology, river ecosystem management is undergoing development, and how to conduct the research deserves exploration. In this article, the authors introduce firstly the state of the art of relative research in brief. Then, based on the fact that Xiangxi River was mainly affected by constructions of hydropower stations, unreasonable exploitation of land in the watershed, and industrial pollution, etc，we suggest that guaranteeing quantity and quality of water should be the principles, and maintaining healthy river ecosystem and fulfilling its all services should be the objectives of all management research and measures. Following the idea, four research aspects for Xiangxi River ecosystem management can be carried out, including ① ecological planning of land use of Xiangxi River Watershed; ② management of hydropower stations on the Xiangxi River; ③ pollution control of Xiangxi River Watershed; ④ monitoring and evaluation of ecosystem health and services of Xiangxi River.