Determinants of seat belt use: A regression analysis with FARS data corrected for self-selection |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Urban and Public Affairs, University of Louisville, USA;2. College of Business and Economics, Boise State University, USA;1. Center for the study of Movement, Cognition, and Mobility, Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel;2. Neurological Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel;3. Sieratzki Chair in Neurology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;4. Department of Neurology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;5. Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;6. Department of Physical Therapy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;1. Center for Transportation Research and Education at Iowa State University, USA;2. Department of Statistics at Iowa State University, USA;3. Public Policy Center at University of Iowa, USA |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionWe develop a methodology to use FARS data as an alternative to NOPUS in estimating seat belt usage. The advantages of using FARS over NOPUS are that (i) FARS is broader because it contains more variables relevant for policy analysis, (ii) FARS allows for easy multivariate regression analysis, and finally, (iii) FARS data is more cost-effective.MethodologyWe apply a binary logit model in our analysis to determine the likelihood of seat belt usage given various occupant, vehicle, and built environment characteristics. Using FARS data, we derive coefficient estimates for categories such as vehicle occupants' age and night time seat belt use that observational surveys like NOPUS cannot easily provide.ResultsOur results indicate that policies should focus on passengers (as opposed to drivers), male and young vehicle occupants, and that law enforcement should focus on pick-up trucks, rural roads, and nights. We find evidence that primary seat belt laws are effective.ConclusionsAlthough this is primarily a methodological paper, we present and discuss our results in the context of public policy so that our findings are relevant for road safety practitioners, researchers, and policymakers. |
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