天津市自然灾害特征及防治对策

依据自然灾害统计资料，对天津市20世纪中各种自然灾害，特别是干旱、雨涝、冰雹、风暴潮、地震、地面沉降等6种主要自然灾害的时间变化和空间分布特征进行了分析，揭示了该市20世纪以来干旱、雨涝、冰雹、风暴潮、地震灾害发生的频繁性、波动性和空间差异性，以及干旱和地面沉降灾害的区域性和日趋严重性的特点。在此基础上，根据主要自然灾害致灾因子强度空间分布特点，并结合区域孕灾环境分异状况，将天津市划分为3个灾害区，对各区的孕灾环境和自然灾害区域组合特征进行了简要评价，提出了自然灾害综合防治的相关对策。

Features of natural disasters in Tianjin and possible control countermeasures

Using the statistical material of natural disasters in 20th century, the features of drought, waterlogging, hailstone, storm tide, earthquake and land subsidence in Tianjin are analyzed. The study reveals that drought, watedogging, hailstone, storm tide, earthquake character frequency, fluctuation ; and spacial differentiation, and drought, land subsidence character regionization and increasing seriousness in 20th century. According to spacial intensity distribution of hazard-formative factors and in combination with differentiation of regional hazard-pregnant environment, three disaster regions are distinguished. Furthermore, combinatorial patterns of hazard-pregnant environment and zonal disasters for every disaster region are assessed briefly. Some possible countermeasures are also given.