舟山青浜岛不同环境介质中PAHs的分布特征

于2013年7月在青浜岛上采集11个土壤样品、3个大气被动采样样品以及周边3个海水样品,分析了样品中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量,并对其分布特征、来源、生态风险进行了讨论.结果表明,土壤、海水和大气中Σ16PAHs的含量范围分别为60.30~123.34 ng·g-1(平均值为105.49 ng·g-1)、45.96~101.08 ng·L-1(平均值为66.45 ng·L-1)和5.09~5.41ng·d-1(平均值为5.35 ng·d-1).分布特征为:潮汐带土壤中PAHs含量低于非潮汐带;3个海水样中,以靠近水文条件复杂的海域内样品中的PAHs含量最高;岛上大气中PAHs分布均匀.土壤、海水和大气中PAHs主要以2~4环的PAHs为主;通过比值法和因子分析得出,青浜岛土壤中的PAHs来源于煤、木炭等生物质燃烧以及柴油、汽油的燃烧,海水和大气中的PAHs来源于混合源.生态风险评价结果表明青浜岛土壤和周边海水中PAHs生态风险较低.

Distribution Characteristics of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Different Environmental Media from Qingbang Island, Zhoushan, China

Eleven soil, three seawater and three passive air samples were collected from Qingbang Island in July, 2013, and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed. The distribution characteristics, possible sources and ecological risk assessment were investigated. The results showed that the concentrations of total 16 PAHs ranged between 60.30 and 123.34 ng ·g^-1 with a mean value of 105.49 ng ·g^-1in soil, 45.96-101.08 ng ·L^-1 with a mean value of 66.45 ng ·L^-1 in seawater and 5.09-5.41 ng ·d^-1 with a mean value of 5.35 ng ·d^-1in air samples, respectively. The PAHs concentrations of soil samples in tidal zone were higher than those in other areas. The highest PAHs concentrations in seawater were detected in complicated hydrological sea area. PAHs concentrations in air were equally distributed around the island. 2-4 rings PAHs were dominant species in soil, water and air samples. Ratio method and factor analysis were used to identify the possible sources of PAHs. The result suggested that PAHs in soil were mainly originated from combustion of coal, wood, diesel and petrol, while the possible sources of PAHs in water and air were mixed. The ecological risk assessment indicated that PAHs in different environment media posed little risk to people.