海洋沉积物的质量评价与管理

海洋管理者迫切需要建立评估海洋中沾污沉积物引发海洋资源负效应程度的方法。本文就此考察了评价海洋沉积物受人类活动影响的方法，以及相关的海洋生物和人类健康的风险，通过总结过去的评价工作，确定辨别天然沉积物、人类活动干扰（沾污的）的沉积物和引发负效应（污染的）的沉积物状况的经验程序。在一定程度上指出了符合科学有效性和管理实用性标准的方法，为管理者在海洋环境评价和管理中使用章程、法规、标准和规范的提供了指导，而且对审批疏浚和废物排放、实施环境法规和解释监测计划结果也会起到一定作用。

Marine sediment quality assessment and management

Establishing a method to assess adverse effect on marine resources caused by polluted sediment is severely needed by authorities.This report examines various approaches to assessing anthropogenic impacts on marine sediments,and associated risks to marine life and human health.This report does identity empirical procedures through summarizing the past assessment work in this field that can be used to distinguish among natural sedimentary conditions,anthropogenically disturbed(e.g.,contaminated) sediments,and sediment conditions causing adverse effects(i.e.,pollution).In essence,it defines possible approaches that meet the criteria of scientific validity and regulatory utility.Most importantly,it offers simple guidance to managers who require rules,regulations,criteria and standards for use in the assessment and management of the marine environment.It may also be helpful to those responsible for licensing waste discharges and dredging operations,implementing environmental regulations and interpreting the results of monitoring programmes.