原污泥与脱脂污泥制备生物炭的比较及其特性分析

污泥中的脂质提取后可制备生物柴油，或者是层析出其中的神经酰胺都是重要的资源化途径。污泥提脂后剩余的残渣可通过热解制备成具有吸附作用的生物炭。采用原污泥、脱脂污泥（原污泥索氏提取脂质后的剩余物），在500，600，700，800℃且绝氧条件下制备生物炭，对其成分进行了分析比较，通过扫描电子显微镜（scanning electron microscope，SEM）、傅里叶红外吸收光谱分析（Fourier transform infrared，FT-IR）、BET比表面积分析对其进行了表征，探究了原污泥和脱脂污泥制备的生物炭随温度条件变化的规律。研究发现:脱脂污泥制备得到的生物炭随温度上升，其微观表面更加粗糙，孔径增大，比表面积减小，表面官能团数量减少。相比于原污泥而言，脱脂污泥基生物炭表现出较弱的吸附性能，但依然具有进一步研究的价值和应用潜力。

COMPARISON AND CHARACTERISTICS OF BIOCHAR BY SLUDGE AND DEGREASING-SLUDGE

The lipids in the sludge can be extracted to produce biodiesel, and the ceramide can be chromatographed out of it, which are both important resource recovery methods. The residue remaining after the sludge is refined, can be prepared into biochar with adsorption effect by pyrolysis. In this study, the original sludge and degreasing sludge (the residue after Soxhlet extraction of the original sludge) were used to prepare biochar under anaerobic conditions at 500℃, 600℃, 700℃, and 800℃. They were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), BET specific surface area analysis, to explore the regularity of biochar prepared by sludge changeing with temperature conditions. The study found that the microscopic surface of biochar prepared by degreasing sludge became rougher, the pore size increased, the specific surface area decreased, and the number of surface functional groups decreased, with the increase of temperature. Compared with the original sludge, the degreased sludge-based biochar showed weaker adsorption performance, but still had considerable value and application potential for further research.