苏州市集中式饮用水源地健康风险评价

通过收集2015-2019年苏州市集中式饮用水源地水质的例行监测数据，采用USEPA（美国环保署）推荐的健康风险评价模型，对12个在用水源地水质进行了较为全面的健康风险评价，并利用GIS软件对评价结果进行了空间可视化展示。结果表明:2015-2019年苏州市集中式饮用水源地致癌风险均值为4.07×10-5/a，非致癌风险均值为3.61×10-9/a，总风险均值为4.07×10-5/a。健康总风险按水源地排序为长江新海坝水源地（5.33×10-5）>长江常熟水源地（4.68×10-5）>阳澄湖水源地（4.49×10-5）>太湖镇湖水源地（4.30×10-5）>太湖贡湖金墅湾水源地（4.14×10-5）>长江浏河口水源地（3.96×10-5）>太湖寺前水源地（3.95×10-5）>傀儡湖水源地（3.79×10-5）>尚湖水源地（3.77×10-5）>太湖渔洋山水源地（3.69×10-5）>太湖庙港水源地（3.46×10-5）>太湖北亭子港水源地（3.39×10-5）；按地区排序则为张家港市>工业园区>常熟市>相城区>高新区>太仓市>吴中区>姑苏区>昆山市>吴江区；致癌风险高于非致癌风险，且致癌风险需重点关注Cr（Ⅵ）和As，非致癌风险主要关注氟化物；总体上看，苏州市水源地的健康总风险处于USEPA推荐的最大可接受风险之内，属于比较安全的水源。

HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF CENTRALIZED DRINKING WATER SOURCES IN SUZHOU

By collecting the routine monitoring data of the centralized drinking water sources in Suzhou from 2015 to 2019 and adopting the health risk assessment model recommended by the US EPA, a comprehensive health risk assessment was carried out on 12 water sources in use. The results showed that the average risk of carcinogens, non-carcinogens were 4.07×10-5/a, 3.61×10-9/a and 4.07×10-5/a for total health risk respectively. The rank of total health risk by water sources was Changjiang Xinhaiba water source (5.33×10-5)>Changshu Changjiang Rive water source (4.68×10-5)>Yangcheng Lake water source (4.49×10-5)>Zhenhu Tai Lake water source (4.30×10-5)>Gonghu jinshuwan Tai Lake water source (4.14×10-5)>Liuhekou Changjiang Rive water source (3.96×10-5)>Siqian Tai Lake water source (3.95×10-5)>Puppet Lake water source (3.79×10-5)>ShangLake water source (3.77×10-5)>Yuyangshan Taihu Lake water source (3.69×10-5)>Miaogang Taihu Lake water source (3.46×10-5)>North tingzi Taihu Lake water source (3.39×10-5); by region, they were in the sequence of Zhangjiagang City>Industrial Park>Changshu City>Xiangcheng District>High tech Zone>Taicang City>Wuzhong District>Gusu District>Kunshan City>Wujiang District; the carcinogenic risk was higher than that of non-carcinogenic. More attention should be paid to Cr(Ⅵ) and Cd for carcinogens and fluoride for non-carcinogens. In general, water sources in Suzhou were relatively safe and their risk rank were within the maximum acceptable risk threshold recommended by USEPA.