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A comparison of periodic survey designs employing multi-stage sampling
Authors:Lesser  Virginia M  Kalsbeek  William D
Institution:(1) Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Kidder Hall 44, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;(2) Department of Biostatistics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-2400, USA
Abstract:Sampling designs considered for a national scale environmental monitoring programme are compared. Specifically, design strategies designed to monitor one aspect of this environmental programme, agro-ecosystem health, are assessed. Two types of panel survey designs are evaluated within the framework of two-stage sampling. Comparisons of these designs are discussed with regard to precision, cost, and other issues that need to be considered in planning long-term surveys. To compare precision, the underlying variance of a simple estimator of mean difference is derived for each of the two designs. A variance and cost model accounting for the different rotational sampling schemes across designs are developed. Optimum stage allocation for each design are assessed with the variance-cost models. The best choice of design varied with the conditions underlying the variance model and the degree of other sources of survey error expected in the programme.
Keywords:EMAP  NASS  panel survey
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