大江大河流域水资源管理问题讨论

世界范围内水危机的日益严重，越来越显现出流域水资源管理的重要性。从分析国内外大江大河水资源研究的热点入手，介绍了国内江河流域水资源管理思路的转变和实践；系统分析了大流域水资源存在问题的根本原因，认为是由于对人水关系和流域生态演化规律，河流、湿地的生态功能、流域的整体性管理重视不够造成的。从河流的生态整体性出发，以生态学为理论基础，提出了考虑社会—经济—环境复合生态系统，以生态和谐行为、协调发展、因地制宜、流域整体性调控体制和生态文化建设等维持大流域水资源可持续利用和保护的生态可持续性的保障措施。

DISCUSSION ON WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT OF LARGE RIVER BASINS

With the increasing serious water crisis in the world, water resource management of large river basins has show its importance. This paper analyses the hotspot in international water resources research, summaries the conversion and progress in water resources management of large river basins in China. The existing problems resulted in that importance were not attached to the relationship between human and nature, ecological evolution law, ecological function of rivers and wetland, integer governess of basins, ecological measures, and water ecological protection. Based on ecology theory, the paper brings forward measures to ensure sustainable development of water resources and ecological protection of large river basins, such as improving harmonious behavior of human and nature, inhensing sound development of social, economic and environment systems, adjusting integrated management to local river basin, and building ecological culture etc.