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Environmental implications of urbanization and lifestyle change in China: Ecological and Water Footprints
Authors:Klaus Hubacek  Dabo Guan  John Barrett  Thomas Wiedmann
Affiliation:1. Sustainability Research Institute, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK;2. Judge Business School, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1AG, UK;3. Stockholm Environment Institute, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK;1. Aalto University School of Engineering, Department of Built Environment, P.O. Box 15800, 00076 Aalto, Finland;2. University of Iceland, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hjardarhagi 2-6, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland;1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, and Department of Earth System Science, Room S925, Meng Minwei Science & Technology Building, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;2. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), and School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;3. UNFCCC, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;1. School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China;2. Center for Energy & Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China;1. The College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, 475004, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;1. School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454003, China;2. Soil Physics and Land Management, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700, AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;1. Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, Japan;2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, Japan;3. Dalian Dongtai Waste Treatment Company, Dalian 116001, Japan;4. National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
Abstract:Since the open door policy in 1978 China has undergone enormous economic and social changes making China to be one of the largest economies and consumers of resources in the world. The pronounced differences in income and lifestyles especially between urban and rural China were also part of China's economic rebirth.This paper explores current trajectories and scenarios for urbanization and lifestyle changes and other important socio-economic trends in China. The implications of these changes are analysed for Beijing in particular and then compared to China for the year 2020. These changes by 2020 are modelled using input–output analysis in combination with the Ecological Footprint and Water Footprint.
Keywords:
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