Substitutable biodiesel feedstocks for the UK: a review of sustainability issues with reference to the UK RTFO |
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| Authors: | Paul Upham Patricia Thornley Julia Tomei Philip Boucher |
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| Institution: | 1. Tyndall Centre Manchester and Manchester Business School, Pariser Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester M60 1QD, UK;2. Tyndall Centre Manchester and MACE, The University of Manchester, Manchester M60 1QD, UK;3. King''s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK;1. School of Physics and Chemistry, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, PR China;2. School of Science, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, PR China;3. Guizhou Aerospace Institute of Measuring and Testing Technology, Guiyang 550009, PR China;1. Environmental Science Graduate Program, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, 74078, USA;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Bandung, 40124, Indonesia;3. Interdisciplinary Program of Graduate School for Bioenergy and Biomaterials, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500757, Korea;4. School of Government and Public Policy - Indonesia, Sentul - Bogor, 16810, Indonesia;5. Department of Food Processing and Engineering, Karunya University, Coimbatore, 641114, India;6. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia;7. Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500757, Korea |
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| Abstract: | The sustainability performance of five potential UK biodiesel feedstocks is reviewed and their greenhouse gas performance investigated using the carbon and sustainability reporting methods of the UK Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO). Of the feedstocks examined, and for which the RTFO supplies default carbon intensity values, only used cooking oil has guaranteed sustainability benefits. The other feedstocks have CO2e payback periods of 25–5503 years if grown on converted forest or grassland, yet the RTFO currently requires no guarantee that this conversion has not taken place and requires no avoidance of indirect effects. As currently designed, the RTFO risks substantial, adverse environmental effects. |
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