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Natural dyeing of wool and hair with indigo carmine (C.I. Natural Blue 2), a renewable resource based blue dye
Authors:Sunsanee Komboonchoo  Thomas Bechtold
Institution:1. Research Institute for Textile Chemistry/Physics, University of Innsbruck, Hoechsterstr. 73, A-6850 Dornbirn, Austria;2. Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;1. Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul Women''s University, Seoul 139-774, South Korea;2. Department of Fashion Design and Merchandising, Kongju National University, Chungnam 314-701, South Korea;1. Ardakan Carpet Department, Yazd Science and Art University, Yazd, Iran;2. Textile Engineering Department, Birjand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran;3. Textile Engineering Department, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran;4. Department of Carpet, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran;1. College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea;4. AmorePacific Corp., R&D Center, Yongin, 17074, Republic of Korea;5. Food and Health Sciences, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea;1. Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China;2. College of Textiles, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
Abstract:Indigo carmine can be used as a source of blue dye for wool and hair dyeing. The option to use indigo carmine in combination with other natural dyes in a one-bath procedure as a hybrid dyeing concept is of interest both for natural dyeing and for coloration of hair. The present study shows that indigo carmine dyeing on wool exhibits the substantial sorption in the range of pH 4–5 and temperature between 40 and 60 °C. Experiments with human hair samples indicate that the experiments on wool can serve as a model that can be applied for hair dyeing. Comparisons of the energy, water and chemical consumption between two-bath dyeing with indigo and natural dyes separately and a one-bath dyeing using indigo carmine together with other natural dyes demonstrates the advantages of the one-bath hybrid dyeing concept.
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