土壤环境容量研究

环境容量这一概念,大约于七十年代引用到环境科学领域。当时,环境污染主要由制定的一些环境标准来控制。但是,由于对环境治理未考虑生态循环和区域平衡,缺乏环境容量的设想和防止污染的总体对策,因此,相继提出了环境容量和总体控制的设想,并主要在日本得到发展和应用。 在对环境容量的研究中,大气和水体容量研究较多,土壤容量研究较少。在国内,土壤环境容量的研究还处于开始探索的阶段。 土壤环境容量除能用于总量控制外口,还能用来制定土壤环境标准,农田灌溉水质标准、污泥使用标准,建立一套土壤环境指

Studies on Soil-environmental Capacity

This paper deals with soil-environmental capacity of haavy metals and oil in different zones of red earth, cihhamon soil and brown forest soil. Critical contents of heavy metals: Hg, Cd, As, Pb, Cr and oil in soils have been studied through investigation of current conditions of soil microorganisms, soil enzyme and quality of groundwater as well as surface water.On the basis of the critical contents in soils, mathematical models for heavy-metal material balance and for purification of oil in soil have been established by doing experiments in fields, labelled isotope, and purifying function of soils. In accordance with the models, soil-environmental capacity, soil-environmental criteria, irrigating water quality criteria and sludge utilization criteria applied to the six pollutants for the three zones have been proposed.