Considerations regarding development of index of biotic integrity metrics for large rivers |
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| Institution: | 1. Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60440-900, Ceará, Brazil;2. Universidade Federal de Viçosa - Campus Rio Parnaíba, UFV, Rio Parnaíba 38810-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil;3. Universidade Federal do Tocantins – Campus de Gurupi, Gurupi, 77410-530, Tocantins, Brazil;4. Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Engenharia de Bioprocessos e Biotecnologia, Brazil;1. IEES-P, UMR 7618 (CNRS, INRA, UPMC, IRD), CC 237, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France;2. CUP-Dédougou (Université de Ouagadougou), LERF, IDR, Université Polytechnique de, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso;3. Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 26 Bd Docteur Petitjean, BP 87999, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France;4. Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France;1. Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios, Facultad de Ingeniería, Calle 81b No. 72B-70, Bogotá, Colombia;2. Zenkinoko SAS, Diag 151b No. 136ª-75 Cs 93, Bogotá, Colombia;1. Research and Development Division, USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service, VA 22030, USA;2. Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems, George Mason University, VA 22030, USA |
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| Abstract: | The index of biotic integrity (IBI) is the most widely used multi-metric index to assess the biological health of fish communities. Numerous state-specific or basin-specific versions of the IBI have been developed for wadeable streams. However, progress has been considerably slower with regard to developing IBIs for large rivers. Sampling in large rivers presents a number of unique problems, many of which result from the size of the waterbody to be sampled. Topics covered in this paper include several related to field sampling such as electrofishing output requirements, day vs night sampling effectiveness, effectiveness of various gears and overlap among them, the lack of reference sites in large rivers, seasonal movements of fishes, variables affecting sampling efficiency, sampling effort, and QA/QC. Also discussed are several topics related to data analysis such as data variability, influence of YOY fishes on catch results, minimum size of the data set, metric calibration, proper characterization of trophic guilds, and establishment of tolerant/intolerant species. Before meaningful IBI scores can be generated, new metrics, applicable to large rivers, need to be developed. Based on the considerations discussed in this paper, it is recommended that large rivers be sampled by a combination of seining and electrofishing, with the electrofishing being conducted at night and with an effort of ≥500 m. |
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