炭膜曝气生物膜反应器处理生活污水运行特性研究

采用煤基炭膜作为膜曝气生物膜反应器膜组件处理生活污水,考察了炭膜的传氧性能、对微生物的吸附性能以及该膜生物膜反应器的挂膜启动过程,并从膜内气压、碳氮比、水力停留时间等3个方面研究了试验运行的最佳工艺条件.结果表明,炭膜和其它中空纤维膜相比具有较高的微生物吸附能力,反应器在8 d内即可完成挂膜启动.炭膜本身的传氧系数为0.36 m/h,其作为生物膜载体和供氧装置在技术上是可行的.利用该炭膜曝气生物膜反应器处理生活污水,在膜内气压为0.025 MPa,碳氮比为5∶1,水力停留时间8 h 条件下,可使NH⁺₄-N去除率、反硝化效率和COD去除率分别达95%、92%和88%以上,出水水质指标达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB 18918-2002）一级标准A标准.试验系统具有良好的稳定性,抗冲击负荷能力较强.

Study on Performance Characteristics of Carbon Membrane-aerated Biofilm Reactor Treating Municipal Wastewater

A carbon membrane-aerated biofilm reactor was developed to treat municipal wastewater. Tests were conducted to investigate oxygen transfer ability of carbon membrane, the bacteria adhesion and reactor's set-up performance. The optimum parameters were determined in terms of intra-membrane pressure, COD and nitrogen ratio and hydraulic retention time(HRT). The results showed that compared with that of other hollow fibres, bacterial suspended exhibited a high degree of adhesion onto carbon membrane and that oxygen transfer coefficient of carbon membrane was 0.36 m/h, so that it was feasible to serve as both biofilm carrier and aerator. NH~ _4-N removal, denitrification and COD removal efficiency could reach 95%,92% and 88%, respectively, under the conditions of intra-membrane pressure of 0.025 MPa, carbon nitrogen ratio of 5 and HRT of 8 h, and effluent quality could be up to A standard in the national discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB 18918-2002). Furthermore, the system displayed better resistance to shock loads.