弹头构型对水下射弹表面气泡形态的影响

目的 研究弹头构型对水下射弹表面气泡的影响，提高射弹微气泡减阻的效果。方法 基于高速摄像系统，针对不同弹头构型的水下射弹展开水洞试验研究。对比分析不同速度和通气压力情况下，平台锥形弹头产生的微气泡形态变化规律，以及相同速度和通气压力下，不同弹头构型产生的微气泡形态变化规律。结果 相较椭圆尖弹头，平台锥形弹头更容易在微孔材料的前缘区域形成大气泡，对弹体具有更好的包裹效果。对于不同的弹头构型，在相同流速和通气压力下，弹头锥度为43.6°时的空泡包裹效果最好。结论 存在一个最佳的锥度使气膜的覆盖面积达到最大。

Influence of Warhead Configuration on the Shape of Bubbles on the Surface of Underwater Projectiles

The paper aims to study the effect of warhead configuration on bubbles on the surface of underwater projectiles. Based on a high-speed camera system, a water tunnel test is carried out for underwater projectiles with different warhead configurations, the morphological changes of microbubbles generated by the platform cone warhead under the conditions of different speeds and ventilation pressures, and the morphological changes of microbubbles generated by different warhead configurations under the same speed and ventilation pressure are compared and analyzed, and then the shape of the bubbles is analyzed, as well as the effect of changes on drag reduction efficiency. The experimental results show that compared with the elliptical tip warhead, platform cone warhead is easier to form large bubbles in the leading edge area of the microporous material, which has a better wrapping effect on the projectile, thus improving the drag reduction efficiency. For different warhead configurations, under the same flow rate and ventilation pressure, when the warhead taper is 43.6°, the drag reduction effect is the best. Therefore, it is inferred that there is an optimal taper to maximize the coverage area of the gas film and the best drag reduction effect.