基于云化物元耦合模型的岩质高边坡工程爆破施工安全风险评估

针对岩质高边坡工程爆破施工安全风险评估过程中存在模糊性与随机性的特点,提出采用云模型改进传统物元理论,采用物元法和云模型相耦合的评估模型来处理评估中的不确定性问题。该云化物元耦合模型方法采用云模型的数字特征值代替物元基本元中的特征量值,通过云模型的相关算法来计算风险评估指标的云关联度;同时,采用基于改进CRITIC的客观赋权法确定评估指标权重,进而根据加权平均法求得评估事件的综合评估分数,并以此来判定其安全风险等级。案例应用研究表明:(1)基于CRITIC的客观赋权法不仅计算简便,而且其通过挖掘指标的信息量来确定评估指标权重,使得评估结果更具有可信性;(2)该云化物元耦合模型方法的评估结果与其他3种常用方法的评估结果基本吻合,且各评估案例的置信度因子均小于0.05,说明云化物元耦合模型方法应用于岩质高边坡工程爆破施工安全风险评估是合理、有效的;(3)该云化物元耦合模型方法通过采用综合评估分数来判定安全风险等级,相较于其他评估方法,能够提供评估案例更多的综合信息,且比其他方法更加全面地反映了评估指标间包含的复杂不确定关系,使得评估结果具有更高的可靠性。

Safety Risk Assessment of Blasting Construction in Rock High Slope Engineering Based on the Cloud Matter-element Model

In order to deal with the ambiguity and randomness in the safety risk assessment of blasting construction of high rock slope engineering,this paper proposes a cloud matter-element method.In the presented model,the digital eigenvalues of the cloud model are used to replace the eigenvalues in the matter-element basic element,and the cloud correlation degree of the risk assessment index is calculated by the relevant algorithm of the cloud model.At the same time,the objective weighting method based on the improved CRITIC is used to determine the weight of the evaluation index.Finally,the comprehensive evaluation score of the evaluation event is obtained according to the weighted average method,and the risk level is determined accordingly.The results of the case study are as follows:(1)The objective weighting method based on CRITIC is not only easy to calculate,but also can make the evaluation result more convincing by mining the information from various indexes,indicating that application of the cloud matter-element model to the safety risk assessment of blasting construction in rock high slope engineering is reasonable and effective;(2)The evaluation results of the cloud matter-element model are basically consistent with those of the other three commonly used methods,and the confidence factor of each evaluation scheme is less than 0.05;(3)The suggested model uses the comprehensive evaluation score to determine the safety risk level,which can provide more comprehensive information about the evaluation scheme compared with other evaluation methods.In other words,it can more comprehensively reflect the complex uncertainty relationship among the indicators than other methods can,making the evaluation results more reliable.