紫金山登山道主要树种抗火性研究

比较分析了紫金山登山道两侧主要树种的抗火能力,对紫金山不同立地、区位的森林生物防火林带建设和树种选择进行探讨和分析。利用层次分析法,从树种燃烧特性、生物学和生态抗火特性三个方面对紫金山登山道路两侧32种主要树种的抗火性进行综合评价分析,并利用聚类分析对32种树种的抗火性进行分类。结果表明:石楠、油茶、冬青、栓皮栎、青冈、枸骨、麻栎等12种树种综合抗火性较强;朴树、枫香、黄檀、黄连木等7种树种综合抗火性一般;糙叶树、短叶中华石楠、苦树、山胡椒、紫薇、狭叶山胡椒等12种树种综合抗火性较弱;马尾松综合抗火性最弱。树种抗火性评价的11项评价指标中树叶特性、含水率、树皮特征、热值、树冠结构5项指标对树种抗火性影响较大,综合生物学特征对树种抗火性影响最大。冬青、青冈、女贞等常绿大乔木,石楠、油茶、枸骨、茶树等常绿灌木抗火性较强,可以作为防火树种。糙叶树、短叶中华石楠、苦树、山胡椒、紫薇、狭叶山胡椒、瓜木、构树、鸡爪槭、白檀、青桐、卫矛、马尾松等抗火性差,在森林防火中需要重点防护。

Study on Fire Resistance of Main Tree Species on Hiking Trail in Zijin Mountain

This work compared the fire resistance of the main tree species on both sides of hiking trail in Zijin Mountain, and analyzed the forest biological fire forest belt construction and tree species selection in different sites and locations in Zijin Mountain. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to comprehensively evaluate the fire resistance of 32 main tree species on both sides of hiking trail in Zijin Mountain from three aspects: tree burning characteristics, biology and ecological fire resistance characteristics, The fire resistance of 32 tree species was classified by cluster analysis. It was found that 12 kinds of tree species of Photinia serrulata, Camellia oleifera, Ilex chinensis, Quercus variabilis, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Ilex cornuta, Quercus acutissima were more resistant to fire; 7 species of trees such as Celtis sinensis, Liquidambar formosana, Dalbergia hupeana, Pistacia chinensis were comprehensively resistant to fire. In general, 12 kinds of tree species such as Aphananthe aspera, Photinia beauverdiana Schneid. var. Brevifolia, Picrasma quassioides, Lindera glauca, Lagerstroemia indica, Lindera angustifolia have weak fire resistance; Pinus massoniana has the weakest fire resistance. Among the 11 evaluation indexes of fire resistance evaluation, five indexes of Leaf characteristics, water content, bark characteristics, calorific value and canopy structure had great influence on fire resistance of tree species, and comprehensive biological characteristics were resistant to fire. Sexual influence is the biggest. Evergreen trees such as Ilex chinensis, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Ligustrum lucidum, Photinia serrulata, Camellia oleifera, Ilex cornuta and Camellia sinensis are more resistant to fire and can be used as fire-resistant trees. The trees such as Aphananthe aspera, Photinia beauverdiana. var. Brevifolia, Picrasma quassioides, Lindera glauca, Lagerstroemia indica, Lindera angustifolia, Alangium platanifolium, Broussonetia papyrifera, Acer palmatum, Symplocos paniculata, Firmiana platanifolia, Euonymus alatus and Pinus massoniana have poor fire resistance in forest fire prevention.