九曲桥行人运动实验与模拟研究

公共场所中的人群疏散是行人疏散动力学研究中的重要内容。基于九曲桥行人运动观测实验对转角区域的行人运动特征进行研究,并利用人员疏散模拟软件Pathfinder模拟了因激励作用所导致的行人速度提高对通行效率的影响。结果表明,由于行人的停留、拍照行为导致转角内区域出现了明显的行人变换走道现象;行人在转角内区域出现的停留、超越行为导致行人速度出现大幅度波动,最低速度约为0.2 m/s,最高速度约为0.7 m/s;与转角后区域相比,行人密度变化对转角内区域的行人速度的影响更小,单位流量的影响更大;由于观测实验中行人停留、拍照等行为的存在,相同密度下转角后区域行人运动速度、单位流量均低于P&M平直通道模型;适当的激励作用有助于减轻行人拥堵,提高通行效率,当行人速度达到较高水平后效果不再显著。

Experimental and simulation study on pedestrian movement of zigzag bridge

Crowd evacuation in public places is an important part of evacuation research. Based on the observational experiment on pedestrian movement of zigzag bridge, the characteristics of pedestrian movement in the corner area and the corridor area were studied, and the impact of increasing pedestrian velocity motivated by incentives on traffic efficiency was simulated by using the human evacuation simulation software Pathfinder. The results showed that there was an obvious phenomenon of pedestrian changing walk line in the corner area due to the stopping and photo taking behavior of pedestrian. The stopping and transcendence behavior of pedestrian in the corner area led to large fluctuations of pedestrian velocity, with a minimum velocity about 0.2 m/s and a maximum velocity about 0.7 m/s. Compared with the corridor area, the change of pedestrian density has less impact on pedestrian velocity and more impact on specific flow in the corner area. Due to the stopping and photo taking behavior of pedestrian, the pedestrian velocity and the specific flow in the corridor area were lower than that in the P&M model at the same pedestrian density. Applying appropriate incentives to improve pedestrian velocity can help reducing pedestrian congestion and traffic efficiency. When the pedestrian velocity reaches a high level, the effect is no longer significant.