不同土壤胶质芽孢杆菌生理生化特征及其解钾活性

利用土壤矿物为K源的硅酸盐细菌选择性培养基,从我国部分省市土壤中筛选到30株胶质芽孢杆菌Bacillus muci-laginosus,以辽宁菌种保藏中心胶质芽孢杆菌LICC10201(编号K31)为参照菌株,对其生理生化特性、耐盐性、耐酸碱性、温度敏感性及解K能力等生物学特性进行了测定.结果表明,30株胶质芽孢杆菌菌体均为杆状,产生椭圆至圆形芽孢.其中K3、K9、K19、K31为短杆状,30株菌株均为G~-.NH_4~+、NO_3~-为良好N源,且能在无N培养基上生长.菌株K5、K12和K31解K能力较强,释放的K比不加菌液对照分别增加2.39倍、2.28和2.27倍;K5、K11、K26、K31在w=3%NaCl的培养基上能生长;在25～30℃范围内供试胶质芽孢杆菌均能良好生长;以上试验数据可为将来微生物肥料的研制提供必要的依据.

Physiological and biochemical characteristics and capacities of potas-sium-releasing of Bacillus/wttcilaginosus screened from different soils

Thirty strains of Bacillus mucilaginosus were screened from soils sampled of several provinces in China by using selective medium based on soil mineral as potassium source. Physiological and biochemical characters, salt tolerance, acid and alkali resistance, temperature sensitivity and K releasing capability were determined by setting Bacillus mucilaginosus LICC10201(strain code:K31) from Liaoning Center Of Culture Collection as modal strain. The results showed that all strains appeared as rods and produced spores from elliptical to circular while strains of K3、 K9、 K19 and K31 were short rod and the Gram reaction of 30 Strains were negative; the isolated strains grew well in the culture medium with NH_4~+ and NO_3~- as nitrogen source, and survived in the medium absent of N; Strains were compared in capability of releasing potassium and found that Strains of K5、 K12 and K31 were more capable of releasing potassium; the content of soluble potassium was increased by 2.39, 2.28 and 2.27 respectively; Strains of K5、 K11、 K26 and K31 survived in the medium with 3% NaCl and were growing well under the temperature ranging from 25～30℃. The experimental data above can provide the necessary basis for the future development of microbial fertilizers.