淮北平原“四水”转化模型实验研究与应用

论文基于野外实验，采用五道沟实验站和杨楼实验区1965-2007年长系列资料，考虑土壤水垂向运动和再分布、冠层截留、蒸发、填洼、大孔隙、潜水排出补给地表水等要素，采用野外实验数据逐步细化和确定参数，提出淮北平原集总式“四水”转化模型，并提出一种新的冠层截留量年内分布确定方法。模型物理意义明确，对资料的要求较低，实用性较强。模型在杨楼流域应用结果表明，模拟流量过程线精度较高，在潜水位变动过线的拟合上效果较优，在径流过程和土壤含水量的拟合上表现较好。通过模型逐年计算统计，得出杨楼实验流域1991-2007年逐年及多年平均“四水”转化定量关系，为该区水文预报和作物水利用提供技术依据。

A Study of the Four Water Phases Transformation Lumped Model in the Region of Huaibei Plain and Its Application

This paper is according to the field experiment, adopting long series experiment data from 1965 to 2007 which comes from Wudaogou experimental station and Yanglou Experiment Plot, considering soil water vertical movement and redistribution, rainfall interception of plant crown, evaporation, water quantity of depression storage, flow in macropores, drainage of groundwater and so on, a two-type-soil method is used here to consider flow in macropores, based on the field experimental data refined step by step and the parameters defined, a "four waters" integrating transformation model is developed. And a new annual distribution determination method for maximum rainfall interception is put forward, which possesses strong physical meaning. The model requests less data, and the function is stronger. The application results of the model at Yanglou experimental station show that simulation of groundwater level is best and that of runoff and soil water content is worse than groundwater level. According to the statistics to the annual calculation by the model, annual and average "four water" transformation quantifies relation of Yanglou experimental drainage area from 1991 to 2007, which provides the technical result for the hydrologic forecast and the crop water using.