近50 a气候变化背景下青藏高原冰川和湖泊变化

论文综述了近年来青藏高原冰川和湖泊变化研究取得的成果,并特别着重于冰川和湖泊变化的相互关系论述。在全球变暖背景下,近几十年青藏高原冰川以退缩为主,湖泊水量以增加为主。论文一方面对青藏高原冰川末端退缩、冰川面积和冰川储量变化方面的研究成果进行了综合分析,探讨了冰川变化的时空特征;另一方面从湖泊面积和水位与水量变化探讨了湖泊变化的时空规律。结果表明青藏高原冰川退缩的幅度总体上呈从青藏高原外缘向内陆呈减小的变化态势,受冰川融水补给比较大的湖泊近期面积扩张、水位上升明显。最后指出了青藏高原冰川、湖泊变化研究中存在的问题及今后的发展趋势。

Glaciers and Lakes Changes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau under Climate Change in the Past 50 Years

In this paper,we reviewed the recent plateau glaciers and lakes change research achievements,with special emphasis on discussion of the relationship between glacier shrinkage and lake change.In the context of global climate change,the glaciers in the Tibetan Plateau have been generally retreating while the lakes have been generally expanding.Firstly,the researches about glacial terminal retreat,areas and volume variations in the Tibetan Plateau in recent decades have been reviewed and analyzed,and tempo-spatial change characteristics of glaciers have been discussed.Secondly,the lake area,volume and water level changes have been reviewed and analyzed,and tempo-spatial change characteristics of lakes have been discussed.The results show that the retreat speed in the outer edge of the Tibetan Plateau was larger than that of the inland on the whole,the area and water level of the lakes fed by glacial water increased.Finally,the existing problems of the present studies on glaciers and lakes changes and the future tendency were analyzed.