全球气候变化背景下吉林省生长季水热变化及其种植策略研究

论文旨在揭示全球气候变化背景下,吉林省平原地区和林区的低、 中、 高海拔地区生长季水热变化规律,并据此提出各地区作物种植调整途径。研究结果表明:平原地区生长季积温增加和生长季长度延长及初日提前、 终日延后的变化最大,种植策略的调整空间最大;林区中、 高海拔地区的生长季长度和积温变化大于低海拔地区,三个海拔地区生长季长度的变化主要是生长季终日延后贡献的。以玉米种植为例,平原地区可提前播种时间,延后收获时间,改种晚熟品种代替中晚熟品种;为躲避严重的春旱,其西部地区可延后播种时间,仍然种植中晚熟品种。林区低海拔地区玉米种植以中晚熟品种代替中熟品种,林区中海拔地区用中早熟、 中熟品种代替早熟、 中早熟品种,林区高海拔地区可用中早熟品种代替极早、 早熟品种,三个地区主要通过延后收获时间,达到作物成熟所需热量。

Changes of Temperature and Precipitation in Growing Season and Cropping Strategy under Global Climate Change in Jilin Province

This study aims to reveal the temperature and precipitation changes during the growing season in plain and forest regions of Jilin Province under global climate change and put forward the regional crops adjustment for these regions.The results showed that the greatest change of the first growing season advanced,the last growing season delayed,the growing season lengthening and active accumulated temperature increasing occurred in plain region,so it has the largest adjusted space for cropping strategy.In forest regions,changes of the length and active accumulated temperature of high and mid-altitude regions were bigger than those of low altitude region in the growing season,and the changes of growing season lengthening for three forest regions mainly occurred based on the last delayed growing season. For example,in plain region,advancing the sowing date,delaying the harvest date and sowing the late maturing variety instead of mid-late maturing variety is a better mode for corn.In order to avoid spring drought,the middle-late maturing variety is still planted in the western plain region.In low altitude forest region,middle maturing variety should be replaced by middle-late maturing variety.In mid-altitude forest region,early maturing variety and middle-early maturing variety should be replaced by middle-early maturing variety and middle maturing variety.In high altitude forest region,exceedingly early maturing variety and early maturing variety should be replaced by middle-early maturing variety.In these three regions,the heat resources need to make crop mature should be attained by delaying the harvesting date.