基于虚拟水理论的河北省水足迹时空差异分析

在阐述虚拟水、水足迹概念,概述基于产品虚拟水含量的水足迹计算方法基础上,以河北省为例,计算了1995—2008年该省11个行政区的水足迹及其相关指数(水资源匮乏度、水资源依赖度、水资源自给率及水足迹强度),分析了水足迹和水足迹强度时间序列,并通过水足迹及其相关指数的系统聚类将河北省进行了空间分类,最后从虚拟水贸易平衡、水足迹与三次产业产值对比分析的角度,进一步探讨了各行政区水足迹的时空差异。结果表明,从时间上看,水足迹呈现增长趋势,而水足迹强度总体呈现下降趋势,从空间上看,各行政区在水资源消费类型、水资源利用效率、水资源匮乏程度、对当地水资源依赖度和水足迹外部化程度等方面存在差异。

Water Footprint and Spatial-temporal Analysis of Hebei Province Based on Virtual Water Theory

Based on an overview of the concept and calculation method of virtual water and water footprint,water footprint and related indexes including water scarcity,water dependence,water self-sufficiency and water footprint intensity for each district of Hebei Province for the period 1995-2008 are calculated,then,time series of water footprint and water footprint intensity is analyzed.Furthermore,spatial classification is made by system cluster analysis of water footprint and related indexes.Moreover,according to virtual water trade balance and the comparison of water footprint and GDP growth,a spatial-temporal change of water footprint is further discussed.The results show that water footprint and water footprint intensity take on an upward trend and a downward trend respectively,and there are spatial variations in water consumption pattern,water use efficiency,water scarcity,water self-sufficiency and externalization of water footprint of various districts in Hebei.