北方农牧交错带土地利用及景观格局变化特征

基于1988，1995和2000年3期Landsat TM数据，采用遥感，GIS和景观生态学方法，运用土地利用转移矩阵、景观格局分析软件Fragstats3.3，对北方农牧交错带土地利用及景观格局变化进行了动态研究.结果表明:①减少的耕地主要转为草地，增加的耕地也主要源于开垦草地；②耕地转为草地的空间分布较均匀，草地转为耕地的区域差异明显；③1988—1995年和1995—2000年2个时段参加变化的土地数量差异显著；④增加的沙地主要源于草地退化；⑤景观异质性上升，结构趋向均衡化，稳定性增强，受人类干扰程度在加大. 

Study on the Dynamic Change of Land Use and Landscape Pattern in the Farming-Pastoral Region of Northern China

Using the techniques of RS, GIS and landscape ecology, based on Landsat TM data of 1988, 1995 and 2000, integrating with land use transform matrix and landscapepattern analysis software Fragstats3.3, the dynamic changes of land use and landscape pattern from 1988 to 2000 in the farming-pastoral region of Northern China were studied. The main results show that: ①The reason of farmland decrease is the change from farmland to grassland, and its increase is due to the reclamation of grassland; ②The change from farmland to grassland is well-proportionedwhile the change from grassland to farmland has its distinct regional difference; ③The quantity of land use change is different greatly between 1988 to 1995 and1995 to 2000; ④The reason of sandy land increase is owing to grassland degradation; ⑤Landscape heterogeneity is increased, landscape structure inclines to equilibrium, landscape stability is reinforced, and the interference degree of landscape change by people is being aggravated.