黄河三角洲外来入侵物种米草的分布面积与扩展速度

2005年和2007年,对黄河三角洲外来入侵种米草的引种历史、分布面积及扩展速度进行了社会调查、实地勘察和测量,结果表明:小清河口大米草(Spartina anglica)于1985年引种,现已发展到42.77 hm~2,年均扩展0.39～0.40倍;无棣套儿河口大米草于1987年引种,现已发展到0.23 hm~2,年均扩展0.35～0.36倍;东营市仙河镇五号桩互花米草(S.alterniflora)和大米草于1990年引种,现已发展到571.59 hm~2,年均扩展0.52～0.53倍.以五号桩互花米草和大米草扩展速度最快,小清河口大米草扩展速度次之,与米草分布区的生态环境有关.

Distribution area and expanding speed of Alien invasive species Spartina spp.in Yellow River Delta

In Yellow River Delta, the investigation and extraction of remote information and introduction history were done, and the distribution area and expanding speed of an alien invasive species Spartina spp. In 2005 and 2007 were studied. The results showed that the cover area of S. Anglica was reached 42.77 hm~2 and increased by 0.39～0.40 times every year since the time of first introduction 1985 in Xiaoqing River Estuary. In Taoer river estuary, Wudi county, the cover area was 0.23 hm~2 and increased by 0.35～0.36 times every year since 1987. In Wuhaozhuang zone, Xianhe town, Dongying city, the cover area of S. Anglica and P.alterniflora was 571.59 hm~2 and increased by 0.52～0.53 times every year since 1993. Therefore, the expanding speed of alien invasive species was the greatest in Wuhaozhuang zone, followed in Xiaoqing River Estuary. The expanding speed was the close relation with the eco-environment of growing area.