A phenomenological approach shows a high coherence of warming patterns in dimictic aquatic systems across latitude |
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Authors: | Annekatrin Wagner Stephan Hülsmann Lothar Paul Rüdiger J. Paul Thomas Petzoldt René Sachse Thomas Schiller Bettina Zeis Jürgen Benndorf Thomas U. Berendonk |
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Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Hydrobiology, Technische Universit?t Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany 2. Neunzehnhain Ecological Station, TU Dresden, 09514, Lengefeld, Germany 3. Institute of Zoophysiology, Westf?lische Wilhelms-Universit?t Münster, 48143, Münster, Germany
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Abstract: | To predict the coherence in local responses to large-scale climatic forcing among aquatic systems, we developed a generalized approach to compare long-term data of dimictic water bodies based on phenomenologically defined hydrographic events. These climate-sensitive phases (inverse stratification, spring overturn, early thermal stratification, summer stagnation) were classified in a dual code (cold/warm) based on threshold temperatures. Accounting for a latitudinal gradient in seasonal timing of phases derived from gradients in cumulative irradiation (2.2?days per degree latitude), we found a high spatial and temporal coherence in warm–cold patterns for six lakes (84?%) and the Baltic Sea (78?%), even when using the same thresholds for all sites. Similarity to CW-codes for the North Sea still was up to 72?%. The approach allows prediction of phase-specific warming trends and resulting instantaneous or time-delayed ecological responses. Exemplarily, we show that warming during early thermal stratification controls food-web-mediated effects on key species during summer. |
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