航空危险品运输作业风险管理

由于危险品的危害特性,运输操作上涉及多环节因素以及航空运输装载的特殊要求,在航空运输作业环节中易造成安全事故,因此需要对危险品航空运输作业进行风险管理。根据人-机-环-管分析方法,从航空危险品运输中的收运、卸载、储存、装载环节进行危险源识别,并构建指标体系。用三角模糊数和ANP相结合的方法对风险发生的严重度进行分析。对安全影响较大的前几位因素:人员违规,规章制度,监督检查,员工教育、培训,应急预案,防护装置使用率,提出了安全管理体系的建立及实施,加强从业人员的管理,对危险品运输环节的设备进行管理风险控制措施。

Risk management of dangerous goods transportation by air

With the development of foreign trade, importing and exporting has seen rapid growth in transportation of dangerous goods. Air transportation is becoming an important form of dangerous goods transportation. Due to the hazard characteristics of dangerous goods, the complexity of transport operation and the special requirements of air transportation, it is easy to cause accidents during air transportation of dangerous goods. Thus it is important to make risk management of air transportation of dangerous goods. The hidden dangers of all the aspects of operational processes were analyzed, including acceptance, uninstall, storage, loading according to man-equipment-environ- ment factor and establish index system. The indicators of risk factor were calculated by analyzing the severity of risk occurrence （based on triangular fuzzy mathematics and ANP）. The key indicators were stuff violation, rules and regulations, supervision and inspection, stuff education and training, emergency plan and protecting equipment us- age. Finally some feasible suggestions in air transportation of dangerous goods were put forward, such as establish and imply safety management system, strengthen the management of stuffs, and manage the equipment during dan- gerous goods transportation.