桥梁工程规划设计阶段施工安全风险评估的研究

研究表明,有相当大比例的工程事故原因可以追溯到规划设计的不当。将工程的规划设计纳入施工安全管理全过程,就是将事故防控的"关口前移"和"源头管理"的创新思路。本研究以桥梁工程领域为例,探讨了我国在规划设计阶段进行施工安全风险评估的发展思路,包括:完善基础理论、将工程实践和立法推动相结合、从在建工程的施工安全现状反推其规划设计等,为提升我国工程建设施工安全提供借鉴。崇启大桥及泰州大桥工程实践表明,安全是可"构建"的,通过施工风险评估,能够改善规划设计,降低施工安全的风险,从而减少施工过程人员的伤亡或健康危害。

the construction safety risk assessment in the planning and design stages of bridge engineering

Studies have shown that a large proportion of the project accident causes can be traced back to insuffi- cient safety planning and design. It is actually a brand new risk management idea of construction safety risk assess- ment in the planning and design stages of an engineering project, which has been successfully applied in the ad- vanced countries such as in the United Kingdom, United States, etc. And in recent years, Hong Kong and Taiwan have also actively introduced this risk management model. The essence of incorporating the planning and design stage into construction safety risk management is in fact an innovative way of ＂forward prevention＂ and ＂source management＂. In this study, taking the bridge engineering as an example, the development ideas of the construc- tion safety risk assessment during the planning and design stages were presented, such as perfecting a basic theoret- ical system, the combination of legislative push and engineering practice, derivation the safety planning and design from the project construction status, etc. Chongqi Bridge and Taizhou Bridge cases showed that safety could be built by improving the safety planning and design of the project, which could reduce the safety risk and thereby cut down the casualties and health hazard in the construction process.