丁基钠黄药热稳定性的研究

为评价丁基钠黄药的热稳定性,采用真空安定性测试仪和C600量热仪对其热分解过程进行了研究。分别考察了质量为1.0g的样品在温度为60℃、70℃、80℃、90℃、100℃和质量为0.5g、0.75g、1.0g、1.25g、1.5g、1.75g、2.0g的样品在温度80℃条件下的热分解特性。结果表明,采用真空安定性测试仪在80℃、21mL真空封闭空间的测试条件下,当丁基钠黄药质量小于1.25g时,其平均分解速率较慢,与时间近似成线性关系;当样品质量大于1.50g时,其平均分解速率与时间近似呈一条S形曲线。平均分解速率与质量不是成正比,而是先增加后减小,质量为1.65g时,平均分解速率最大,为0.0957mL/(g.h)。采用C600量热仪确定了丁基钠黄药的分解过程为吸热反应,起始分解温度为93℃,分解过程吸收热量为110.51J/g。明确了温度、堆积样品量的大小和时间为影响丁基钠黄药热稳定性的主要因素。

Study on the thermal stability of sodium n-butyl xanthate

The thermal stability of sodium n-butyl xanthate were studied by means of Calvet calorimeter C600 and vacuum stability tester.In this article,the thermal decomposition characteristics of 1.0g sample were investigated at the temperature of 60℃,70℃,80℃,90℃,100℃ and 0.5g,0.75g,1.0g,1.25g,1.5g,1.75g,2.0g sample at 80℃.The testing results of vacuum stability tester in testing conditions（80℃ and 21mL vacuum space） show an approximately linear relationship between the sodium n-butyl xanthate decomposition and time.The average decomposition rate is slow when the mass of sodium n-butyl xanthate less than 1.25g.If the mass exceeds 1.5g,it is an approximately S-sharped curve.At the same time,the average decomposition rate of the sodium n-butyl xanthate is not proportional to the mass.It increases firstly and then decreases.When the mass is 1.65g,the maximum average decomposition rate is achieved,which is 0.0957 mL /（g.h）.In the meantime,according to the results of Calvet calorimeter C600,the decomposition reaction of sodium n-butyl xanthate is an endothermic process,the initial decomposition temperature and enthalpy of which is 93℃ and 110.51 J / g respectively.According to the study,it manifests clearly and definitely that temperature,size of accumulation mass and time are the main factors to affect the thermal stability of sodium n-butyl xanthate.