一种高层建筑楼、电梯疏散模型的模拟研究

通过分析目前楼、电梯疏散的研究成果,提出了新的楼、电梯疏散模型,给出了两种具有可行性的电梯运行方案:(1)电梯停靠某一层完全疏散此层及以上所有人员,此层以下人员使用楼梯疏散；(2)7层以上的各层按一定比例选择使用电梯疏散,剩余人员选用楼梯疏散.进一步阐述了楼、电梯疏散时间的计算公式.通过对新提出的楼、电梯疏散模型的模拟计算可知:两种运行方案均可有效地降低总的疏散时间,相比之下第二种运行方案疏散效果更佳,但考虑到实际情况第一种方案可操作性更强.最后讨论了电梯速度对疏散的影响,得出疏散时最好选用运行速度较高的电梯,可提高疏散效率.

Simulation study on the novel stairs and elevator evacuation model in the high-rise building

By studying the results on the stairs and elevator evacuation,a novel stairs and elevator evacuation model was proposed,and in the novel model two feasible running rules on elevator were showed：（1） all of people above the floor on which the elevator will stop are evacuated by the elevator,and the others select the stairs for evacuation;（2） certain ratio people above the seventh floor select the elevator to evacuate,and the others select the stairs.Moreover,the calculation formulas on the evacuation time of elevator and the stairs were induced after the analysis to current calculation formulas.The simulation results on the novel stairs and elevator evacuation model showed：the total evacuation time is effectively decreased using the two rules respectively,then by comparison the second rule shows the better evacuation effect,but the first program may be operated easily in daily life.Lastly the effect of running velocity of the elevator on the evacuation was studied by numerical simulation,and the results showed that the high velocity can generate an excellent efficiency,so the high-speed elevator should be used in the high-rise building.