房间开门形式和走廊转角条件对人员疏散规律影响的实验研究与数值模拟分析

为了研究房间开门形式和走廊转角条件对人员疏散规律的影响,通过一系列实验并采用计算机数值模拟相结合,对比分析了不同开门形式和走廊转角条件下的人员疏散规律。结果表明:房间开门总宽度一定且出口出现拥堵条件下,只设置一道门,疏散效率最高。当房间需要满足设置两道门时,门应尽量设置在房间的两对边墙上,这样疏散效率较高。两道门设置在房间相邻边墙上时最不利于人员疏散。走廊转角角度从0°增加到90°,疏散时间先增长然后缩短最后又增长。同条件下,圆角疏散能力优于折角。圆角半径大小对人员疏散没有显著影响。研究结果为建筑房间开门形式和走廊设计提供了参考依据。

Experimental and numerical simulation study on influences of room door conditions and corridor corner conditions to evacuation rule

In order to research the influences of room door conditions and corridor comer conditions on pedestrian evacuation, evacuation rules were analyzed in different conditions, through a series of experiments and numerical simulation. The results showed that when width of door is certain and exits appear crowded, the evacuation efficien- cy can reach the highest if there is only one door installed. When it is need to install two doors, the evacuation efficiency can reach the highest, as the doors are set on opposite walls of the room. It is the most unfavorable for evacuation if two doors are set on the near walls. Evacuation time increases at first, then gets down, but it gets up again finally, as the angle increases from 0° to 90 °. Under same conditions, evacuation ability in round-side comers is better than that in break angle. Size of round-side radius has no significant affections on evacuation. The results of the research can provide reference for building design of room door and corridor.