余甘子的保健价值及开发利用前景

我国南方山区、半山区广泛分布的余甘子是一种具有药用价值的野生或栽培果树。成分分析表明,余甘果有较高的营养价值,尤其是维生素C含量很高。进一步研究即通过体外模拟试验,动物试验、人体试验以及病区临床试验证明,余甘果汁能阻断强致癌物N-亚硝基化合物在动物及人体内的合成,阻断率达90％以上,均比同浓度的维生素C高。同时还发现,余甘果汁中含有超氧化物歧化酶,每毫升鲜果汁中含有的酶活力为 964.28国际单位;老人饮用余甘果汁2个月后,血液中红细胞超氧化物歧化酶活力提高1.5倍,并降低了血浆中脂质过氧化物的含量,显示了余甘果汁对人体具有较明显的防癌、抗衰老保健作用。我国余甘子资源十分丰富,民间早有利用余甘果实健身治病的习惯,因此,它是一种很有开发价值的水果。本文较详细地论述了余甘果的保健价值,并对其开发利用现状及前景作了简要的介绍。

THE HEALTH-PROTECTING VALUE OF PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA L. AND ITS PROSPECTS FOR EXPLOITATION AND UTILIZATION

Phyllanthus emblica L. that distributes extensively in the mountainous and semimountainous areas of southern China is a species of wild or cultivated fruit tree with medical value. It has plentiful nutrition and is high in vitamin C. content. The research results of external simulation test, animal test, human body test and clinical test in disease area have shown that the fruit juice of phyllanthus emblica L. can block the synthesis of N-nitrosocompound, which is a strong carcinogen in human body. The block rate is more than 90% and is 3-4 times higher than that of V. C of the same concentration. It is also discovered that the juice contains superoxide dismutase (SOD). The activity of SOD is 964. 28 units per millimetre of fresh juice. The activity of SOD in blood can increase 1. 5 times after an old man drinks the juice for 2 months. So the juice has evident effect in resisting cancer and slowing down senescence. China is very rich in phyllanthus emblica L. resource and using its fruits to treat disease has long been a custom of the people. So its fruits have great exploitation value. This paper expounds in detail the health-protecting value of phyllanthus emblica L. and introduces briefly the present conditions and prospects of its exploitation and utilization.