基于相对碳赤字的中国省际碳补偿时空格局研究

为研究揭示中国省际碳补偿时空格局变化特征，文章对基于绝对量碳赤字的碳补偿测算模型进行了改进，构建了相对量碳赤字的碳补偿测算模型。研究结果表明：（1）2007~2017年我国碳补偿总额呈现下降趋势，且呈现出显著的阶段性，主要是受到我国经济发展进入新常态，全国各地的GDP增速不断放缓的影响。（2）从我国各省（市）来看：碳补偿额度平均值排在前列的省(市）主要有上海、辽宁、江苏、天津、山东，浙江、山西、北京，而排名较后的省份主要有内蒙古、新疆、广东、黑龙江。（3）我国碳补偿额度热点区主要分布在东部沿海区域的江苏、浙江、上海；冷点区主要分布在西北区域的甘肃、青海、新疆以及东北区域的黑龙江、吉林。碳补偿额度整体呈现以东部沿海，京津，北部沿海区域为中心向外围递减的空间格局，表现为经济较发达地区向经济欠发达地区进行补偿，且2007~2017年我国碳补偿空间格局变化较小，即碳补偿空间格局具有“惯性”特点。

Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Interprovincial Carbon Compensation in China Based on Relative Carbon Deficit

In order to reveal the characteristics of temporal and spatial patterns of interprovincial carbon compensation in China,this paper improves the calculation model of carbon compensation based on absolute carbon deficit, and constructs the calculation model of carbon compensation based on relative carbon deficit.The result of research shows that (1)The total amount of carbon compensation in China showed a downward trend, presenting a significant feature of stage from 2007 to 2017, which was mainly affected by the new normal of China’s economic development and the continuous slowdown of GDP growth across the country.(2) From the perspective of various provinces (cities) in China: The provinces (cities) with the highest carbon compensation mainly includes Shanghai, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Tianjin, Shandong, Zhejiang, Shanxi, and Beijing, while the provinces with the lower carbon compensation are Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Guangdong, and Heilongjiang. (3)The hot spots areas of China’s carbon compensation are mainly distributed in the eastern coastal regions such as Jiangsu，Zhejiang and Shanghai,while the cold spots areas are mainly spreaded in both the northwest regions like Gansu ,Qinghai and Xinjiang and the northeast regions like Heilongjiang and Jilin. The overall amount of carbon compensation shows a decreasing spatial pattern from the the eastern coastal areas,Beijing-Tianjin and the northern coastal areas to the periphery, showing that the economically developed regions pay compensation to the economically underdeveloped regions. Moreover, the space pattern of carbon compensation in China changed little from 2007 to 2017, that is to say,the space pattern of carbon compensation has the feature of “inertia”.